YES proof of /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.xml # AProVE Commit ID: 794c25de1cacf0d048858bcd21c9a779e1221865 marcel 20200619 unpublished dirty Termination w.r.t. Q of the given QTRS could be proven: (0) QTRS (1) QTRS Reverse [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (2) QTRS (3) QTRSRRRProof [EQUIVALENT, 20 ms] (4) QTRS (5) DependencyPairsProof [EQUIVALENT, 1 ms] (6) QDP (7) DependencyGraphProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (8) AND (9) QDP (10) UsableRulesProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (11) QDP (12) DependencyGraphProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (13) QDP (14) MNOCProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (15) QDP (16) UsableRulesProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (17) QDP (18) QReductionProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (19) QDP (20) QDPSizeChangeProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (21) YES (22) QDP (23) UsableRulesProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (24) QDP (25) MNOCProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (26) QDP (27) MRRProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (28) QDP (29) PisEmptyProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (30) YES (31) QDP (32) UsableRulesProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (33) QDP (34) QDPOrderProof [EQUIVALENT, 22 ms] (35) QDP (36) DependencyGraphProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (37) QDP (38) QDPOrderProof [EQUIVALENT, 12 ms] (39) QDP (40) QDPOrderProof [EQUIVALENT, 340 ms] (41) QDP (42) QDPOrderProof [EQUIVALENT, 200 ms] (43) QDP (44) DependencyGraphProof [EQUIVALENT, 0 ms] (45) TRUE ---------------------------------------- (0) Obligation: Q restricted rewrite system: The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(b(x1)) -> b(c(a(x1))) b(c(x1)) -> c(b(b(x1))) a(c(x1)) -> c(a(b(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> a(d(d(d(x1)))) d(a(x1)) -> d(d(c(x1))) a(d(d(c(x1)))) -> a(a(a(d(x1)))) e(e(f(f(x1)))) -> f(f(f(e(e(x1))))) e(x1) -> a(x1) b(d(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. ---------------------------------------- (1) QTRS Reverse (EQUIVALENT) We applied the QTRS Reverse Processor [REVERSE]. ---------------------------------------- (2) Obligation: Q restricted rewrite system: The TRS R consists of the following rules: b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) e(x1) -> a(x1) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. ---------------------------------------- (3) QTRSRRRProof (EQUIVALENT) Used ordering: Polynomial interpretation [POLO]: POL(a(x_1)) = x_1 POL(b(x_1)) = x_1 POL(c(x_1)) = x_1 POL(d(x_1)) = x_1 POL(e(x_1)) = 1 + x_1 POL(f(x_1)) = x_1 With this ordering the following rules can be removed by the rule removal processor [LPAR04] because they are oriented strictly: e(x1) -> a(x1) ---------------------------------------- (4) Obligation: Q restricted rewrite system: The TRS R consists of the following rules: b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. ---------------------------------------- (5) DependencyPairsProof (EQUIVALENT) Using Dependency Pairs [AG00,LPAR04] we result in the following initial DP problem. ---------------------------------------- (6) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: B(a(x1)) -> A(c(b(x1))) B(a(x1)) -> C(b(x1)) B(a(x1)) -> B(x1) C(b(x1)) -> B(b(c(x1))) C(b(x1)) -> B(c(x1)) C(b(x1)) -> C(x1) C(a(x1)) -> B(a(c(x1))) C(a(x1)) -> A(c(x1)) C(a(x1)) -> C(x1) A(a(x1)) -> D(d(d(a(x1)))) A(a(x1)) -> D(d(a(x1))) A(a(x1)) -> D(a(x1)) A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) A(d(x1)) -> D(d(x1)) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> D(a(a(a(x1)))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(f(x1))) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(x1)) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(x1) D(b(x1)) -> D(d(x1)) D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) The TRS R consists of the following rules: b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (7) DependencyGraphProof (EQUIVALENT) The approximation of the Dependency Graph [LPAR04,FROCOS05,EDGSTAR] contains 3 SCCs with 5 less nodes. ---------------------------------------- (8) Complex Obligation (AND) ---------------------------------------- (9) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) D(b(x1)) -> D(d(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (10) UsableRulesProof (EQUIVALENT) We can use the usable rules and reduction pair processor [LPAR04] with the Ce-compatible extension of the polynomial order that maps every function symbol to the sum of its arguments. Then, we can delete all non-usable rules [FROCOS05] from R. ---------------------------------------- (11) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) D(b(x1)) -> D(d(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (12) DependencyGraphProof (EQUIVALENT) The approximation of the Dependency Graph [LPAR04,FROCOS05,EDGSTAR] contains 1 SCC with 1 less node. ---------------------------------------- (13) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) The TRS R consists of the following rules: d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (14) MNOCProof (EQUIVALENT) We use the modular non-overlap check [LPAR04] to enlarge Q to all left-hand sides of R. ---------------------------------------- (15) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) The TRS R consists of the following rules: d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) The set Q consists of the following terms: d(b(x0)) We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (16) UsableRulesProof (EQUIVALENT) As all Q-normal forms are R-normal forms we are in the innermost case. Hence, by the usable rules processor [LPAR04] we can delete all non-usable rules [FROCOS05] from R. ---------------------------------------- (17) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) R is empty. The set Q consists of the following terms: d(b(x0)) We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (18) QReductionProof (EQUIVALENT) We deleted the following terms from Q as each root-symbol of these terms does neither occur in P nor in R.[THIEMANN]. d(b(x0)) ---------------------------------------- (19) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) R is empty. Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (20) QDPSizeChangeProof (EQUIVALENT) By using the subterm criterion [SUBTERM_CRITERION] together with the size-change analysis [AAECC05] we have proven that there are no infinite chains for this DP problem. From the DPs we obtained the following set of size-change graphs: *D(b(x1)) -> D(x1) The graph contains the following edges 1 > 1 ---------------------------------------- (21) YES ---------------------------------------- (22) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(x1)) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(f(x1))) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(x1) The TRS R consists of the following rules: b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (23) UsableRulesProof (EQUIVALENT) We can use the usable rules and reduction pair processor [LPAR04] with the Ce-compatible extension of the polynomial order that maps every function symbol to the sum of its arguments. Then, we can delete all non-usable rules [FROCOS05] from R. ---------------------------------------- (24) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(x1)) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(f(x1))) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(x1) The TRS R consists of the following rules: f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (25) MNOCProof (EQUIVALENT) We use the modular non-overlap check [LPAR04] to enlarge Q to all left-hand sides of R. ---------------------------------------- (26) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(x1)) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(f(x1))) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(x1) The TRS R consists of the following rules: f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) The set Q consists of the following terms: f(f(e(e(x0)))) We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (27) MRRProof (EQUIVALENT) By using the rule removal processor [LPAR04] with the following ordering, at least one Dependency Pair or term rewrite system rule of this QDP problem can be strictly oriented. Strictly oriented dependency pairs: F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(x1)) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(f(f(x1))) F(f(e(e(x1)))) -> F(x1) Used ordering: Polynomial interpretation [POLO]: POL(F(x_1)) = x_1 POL(e(x_1)) = 2 + x_1 POL(f(x_1)) = x_1 ---------------------------------------- (28) Obligation: Q DP problem: P is empty. The TRS R consists of the following rules: f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) The set Q consists of the following terms: f(f(e(e(x0)))) We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (29) PisEmptyProof (EQUIVALENT) The TRS P is empty. Hence, there is no (P,Q,R) chain. ---------------------------------------- (30) YES ---------------------------------------- (31) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) C(b(x1)) -> B(b(c(x1))) B(a(x1)) -> A(c(b(x1))) B(a(x1)) -> C(b(x1)) C(b(x1)) -> B(c(x1)) B(a(x1)) -> B(x1) C(b(x1)) -> C(x1) C(a(x1)) -> B(a(c(x1))) C(a(x1)) -> A(c(x1)) C(a(x1)) -> C(x1) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) f(f(e(e(x1)))) -> e(e(f(f(f(x1))))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (32) UsableRulesProof (EQUIVALENT) We can use the usable rules and reduction pair processor [LPAR04] with the Ce-compatible extension of the polynomial order that maps every function symbol to the sum of its arguments. Then, we can delete all non-usable rules [FROCOS05] from R. ---------------------------------------- (33) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) C(b(x1)) -> B(b(c(x1))) B(a(x1)) -> A(c(b(x1))) B(a(x1)) -> C(b(x1)) C(b(x1)) -> B(c(x1)) B(a(x1)) -> B(x1) C(b(x1)) -> C(x1) C(a(x1)) -> B(a(c(x1))) C(a(x1)) -> A(c(x1)) C(a(x1)) -> C(x1) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (34) QDPOrderProof (EQUIVALENT) We use the reduction pair processor [LPAR04,JAR06]. The following pairs can be oriented strictly and are deleted. B(a(x1)) -> A(c(b(x1))) B(a(x1)) -> C(b(x1)) B(a(x1)) -> B(x1) C(a(x1)) -> A(c(x1)) C(a(x1)) -> C(x1) The remaining pairs can at least be oriented weakly. Used ordering: Polynomial interpretation [POLO]: POL(A(x_1)) = 0 POL(B(x_1)) = x_1 POL(C(x_1)) = x_1 POL(a(x_1)) = 1 + x_1 POL(b(x_1)) = x_1 POL(c(x_1)) = x_1 POL(d(x_1)) = 0 The following usable rules [FROCOS05] with respect to the argument filtering of the ordering [JAR06] were oriented: d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) ---------------------------------------- (35) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) C(b(x1)) -> B(b(c(x1))) C(b(x1)) -> B(c(x1)) C(b(x1)) -> C(x1) C(a(x1)) -> B(a(c(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (36) DependencyGraphProof (EQUIVALENT) The approximation of the Dependency Graph [LPAR04,FROCOS05,EDGSTAR] contains 1 SCC with 3 less nodes. ---------------------------------------- (37) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: C(b(x1)) -> C(x1) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (38) QDPOrderProof (EQUIVALENT) We use the reduction pair processor [LPAR04,JAR06]. The following pairs can be oriented strictly and are deleted. C(b(x1)) -> C(x1) The remaining pairs can at least be oriented weakly. Used ordering: Polynomial interpretation [POLO]: POL(A(x_1)) = 0 POL(C(x_1)) = x_1 POL(a(x_1)) = 0 POL(b(x_1)) = 1 + x_1 POL(c(x_1)) = 0 POL(d(x_1)) = 0 The following usable rules [FROCOS05] with respect to the argument filtering of the ordering [JAR06] were oriented: d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) ---------------------------------------- (39) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (40) QDPOrderProof (EQUIVALENT) We use the reduction pair processor [LPAR04,JAR06]. The following pairs can be oriented strictly and are deleted. C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(a(x1))) The remaining pairs can at least be oriented weakly. Used ordering: Matrix interpretation [MATRO] with arctic natural numbers [ARCTIC]: <<< POL(C(x_1)) = [[-I]] + [[0A, 0A, 0A]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(d(x_1)) = [[0A], [0A], [0A]] + [[-I, 0A, 0A], [-I, -I, 0A], [-I, -I, -I]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(a(x_1)) = [[0A], [0A], [1A]] + [[-I, 0A, -I], [0A, -I, -I], [1A, 0A, -I]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(A(x_1)) = [[0A]] + [[0A, -I, -I]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(c(x_1)) = [[0A], [0A], [0A]] + [[0A, 0A, -I], [0A, 0A, -I], [0A, 0A, 1A]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(b(x_1)) = [[0A], [0A], [0A]] + [[0A, 0A, -I], [0A, 0A, -I], [1A, 0A, 0A]] * x_1 >>> The following usable rules [FROCOS05] with respect to the argument filtering of the ordering [JAR06] were oriented: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) ---------------------------------------- (41) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (42) QDPOrderProof (EQUIVALENT) We use the reduction pair processor [LPAR04,JAR06]. The following pairs can be oriented strictly and are deleted. A(d(x1)) -> C(d(d(x1))) The remaining pairs can at least be oriented weakly. Used ordering: Matrix interpretation [MATRO] with arctic natural numbers [ARCTIC]: <<< POL(A(x_1)) = [[0A]] + [[-I, 0A, 1A]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(d(x_1)) = [[0A], [0A], [0A]] + [[-I, -I, -I], [0A, -I, -I], [0A, 0A, -I]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(C(x_1)) = [[0A]] + [[0A, 0A, 0A]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(a(x_1)) = [[1A], [0A], [-I]] + [[0A, 1A, 1A], [-I, 0A, 0A], [-I, 0A, 0A]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(b(x_1)) = [[0A], [0A], [0A]] + [[0A, 0A, 0A], [-I, 0A, 0A], [-I, 0A, -I]] * x_1 >>> <<< POL(c(x_1)) = [[-I], [0A], [0A]] + [[0A, 0A, -I], [-I, 0A, 0A], [-I, 0A, 0A]] * x_1 >>> The following usable rules [FROCOS05] with respect to the argument filtering of the ordering [JAR06] were oriented: d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) ---------------------------------------- (43) Obligation: Q DP problem: The TRS P consists of the following rules: C(d(d(a(x1)))) -> A(a(x1)) The TRS R consists of the following rules: a(a(x1)) -> d(d(d(a(x1)))) a(d(x1)) -> c(d(d(x1))) c(b(x1)) -> b(b(c(x1))) b(a(x1)) -> a(c(b(x1))) c(a(x1)) -> b(a(c(x1))) d(b(x1)) -> d(d(x1)) c(d(d(a(x1)))) -> d(a(a(a(x1)))) Q is empty. We have to consider all minimal (P,Q,R)-chains. ---------------------------------------- (44) DependencyGraphProof (EQUIVALENT) The approximation of the Dependency Graph [LPAR04,FROCOS05,EDGSTAR] contains 0 SCCs with 1 less node. ---------------------------------------- (45) TRUE